In 1596, the Earl of Essex sacked the city of Faro (then under Spanish administration) as part of a plan to forestall the departure of the Spanish Armada. The city was burned to the ground, but Essex rescued some 200 leather-bound volumes, which formed the library of the scholarly Bishop Ossorio. Two years later, Essex donated the books the Bodleian, the new library in Oxford founded by his friend, Sir Thomas Bodley.
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